Topic Research Interracial Dating Site

In her presentation, Prof. Pica-Smith will discuss how interracial friendships are associated with a host of positive outcomes for those who share them. These relationships are rare in the United States, where both adults and children share mostly same race friendships. Pica-Smith will discuss why this is the case, and ways in which to support these important relationships among youth in schools. Yet, interpersonal interventions and one-time initiatives to bring together students of different social identities can be ineffective and even harmful. She is the coordinator of the concentration program, Working with Children and Adolescents in Community Settings. Pica-Smith has authored numerous peer-reviewed journal articles focused on the interracial friendships of youth in schools paying particular attention to how educators and school systems in both the U. Assumption University partnered with the city of Worcester on International Women's Day to present the winner and nominees of the Young Woman of Consequence Award with scholarship opportunities at Assumption University. Assumption University seeks students who will take full advantage of the extraordinary opportunities available to them. Start your journey and apply today. We look forward to reviewing your application! Share the article. Related News. View All News. Back to Top.

https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod/images/interracial-relationship-advice-1600100578.png?crop=0.888888888888889xw:1xh;center,top&resize=1200:*

On Interracial Relationships

Request Information. Visit Assumption. Apply to Assumption Assumption University seeks students who will take full advantage of the extraordinary opportunities available to them. The purpose of this annotated bibliography is to provide readers with a quick reference for questions about cross-race relationships. In terms of this bibliography, "cross-race relationships" and "interracial relationships" refer only to close interracial relationships, such as friendships and romantic relationships, rather than cross-race contact with no attendant feelings of closeness. A list of questions regarding cross-race relationships has been compiled below to increase ease of navigation throughout this document. Simply click on a question to go to the related section. The bibliography has also been organized by topic, so you can also click on one of the topics listed below for a review of the literature on that subject. Click on the questions below to learn more about cross-race relationships:. What situational characteristics foster cross-race friendships among children and teenagers? What situational characteristics foster cross-race friendships among adults? What individual characteristics and motives predict cross-race romantic relationships? What individual characteristics and motives predict cross-race friendships among children? What are some of the barriers to the formation and maintenance of cross-race relationships? What factors are necessary for good maintenance of cross-race relationships? What are the characteristics of children's cross-race friendships? What are the characteristics of adult's cross-race friendships? What are the general social attitudes towards interracial relationships? What are the benefits of cross-race friendships for school children?Introduction While racial inequality still poses a major social problem in the U. Indeed, many studies have associated interracial relationships with less prejudicial attitudes. Among school children, high proportions of cross-race friendships have been linked with social skills and achievement aspirations. However, cross-race relationships are scarce among Americans, and social attitudes towards interracial relationships appear to be mixed. The findings from this review indicate that structural factors can actively affect intergroup relations. Changes in school structure from tradition to cooperative learning programs increase children's formation of cross-race friendships, as well as friendship quality. The research suggests that encouraging cooperative learning programs while maintaining small, diverse classrooms will increase proportions of cross-race friendships among school children. Interracial friendships appear to be less stable, but individuals with high proportions of cross-race friends have greater stability and interracial friendship quality than individuals with low proportions of cross-race friends. Therefore, children with high proportions of interracial friendships appear to be more open to future cross-race interactions. Cross-race friendships reduce racial bias and increase social competence and leadership skills. Overall, it appears that U. Social distance is the degree to which one allows particular social groups to become part of their close social network. Interracial romantic relationships represent the smallest degree of social distance. Although interracial relationships are uncommon, they are characterized by mutual respect, support, and collective orientations towards common goals, which is in stark contrast to popularly held beliefs that interracial romantic relationships must be inherently dysfunctional. Individuals tend to enter interracial romantic relationships for the same reason others enter same-race romantic relationships: compatible personality characteristics. Unfortunately, interracial romantic relationships endure the harsher societal rejection than cross-race friendships which may pose a significant barrier towards their formation and maintenance. However, Americans who grow up in integrated neighborhoods and schools are more likely to be involved in an interracial romantic relationship.

On Interracial Relationships

How common are cross-race friendships in the U. Overall, the proportions of cross-race friendships in the U. This trend is most pronounced for Caucasian-Americans. Tuch, Sigelman, and MacDonald report data from a massive longitudinal survey of American youth collected annually from to Respondents were asked about the composition of their group of friends. Figure 1 represents the percentage of African-American and Caucasian high school seniors with all or almost all same-race friends for the last quarter of the 20 th century. The percentage of African-Americans with all or almost all same-race friends is lower than for Caucasians, which reflects findings described throughout this bibliography. African-Americans appeared to have an increase in cross-race friendships during the late s and early s, but this trend reversed in the early s. By the mids, the percentage of African-Americans with all or almost all same-race friends was basically equivalent to the percentage in the mid s. Caucasian high school students' interracial friendliness appears to have increased, as the percentage of Caucasians with all or almost all same-race friends had a steady decline over the last quarter of the 20 th century. However, even though the percentage of Caucasians with interracial friendships increased over the study period, they still exhibit less interracial friendliness defined by sheer number of interracial friends than the African-American respondents by the mids. While conducting their studies, many research papers included the percentage of cross-race friendships in their sample.

ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Figure 2 displays the percentage of interracial friendships reported by each of five research papers that studied interracial friendships for African-American and Caucasian children. This difference is important, as it highlights how different methodologies can yield very different results. Overall, it appears as if both Caucasian and African-American school children have elected fewer cross-race peers over the course of studies conducted between and , with Caucasians showing a larger reduction than African-Americans. How common are interracial romantic relationships in the United States? The prevalence of interracial romantic relationships is low in the United States, and varies by ethnicity. Figure 3 below displays the percentage of U. The data was collected in March, by the U. Census Bureau through the annual Current Population Survey. In general, Caucasians and African-Americans were much less likely than Hispanic-Americans and Americans of other races to be cohabiting with an interracial partner, perhaps reflecting the harsher societal attitudes towards African-American-Caucasian unions. It appears that unmarried cohabiting partners are more likely to be interracial than married partners. An interesting point is that the composition of interracial relationships is qualitatively different from the likelihood of cross-race relationships. Even though Caucasians have the lowest percentage of interracial cohabiting relationships they still account for the majority of interracial cohabiting relationships in the U. Figure 4 represents the proportion of all interracial cohabiting partners irrespective of marital status accounted for by each ethnicity.

First Evidence That Online Dating Is Changing the Nature of Society

Being the numerical majority, even though a cohabiting Caucasian is least likely to live with an interracial partner than a non-Caucasian, individuals in cohabiting interracial relationships are most likely to be Caucasian. Certain environments increase children's opportunities for and initiation of cross-race friendships. Structural factors such as teaching orientation, reward structures, demographic diversity, and classroom size can be effectively harnessed by schools to improve cross-race interactions among classmates. Overall, cooperative learning programs Slavin, a and small, demographically diverse classrooms seem to have met with the most success in increasing the proportion of children's cross-race friendships. The opportunity hypothesis proposes that cross-race friendships increase as the opportunities for cross-race friendships increase. Therefore, children in schools where most students are of other races should have more cross-race friendships than children in schools where most students are of their same race. An underlying assumption of these studies was that members of ethnic minorities are constantly surrounded with more cross- than same-race others. However, many studies have shown that a barrier towards societal integration is a consistent trend towards self-segregation Slavin, b; Pinkney, In addition, many controversies still exist about government sanctioned segregation through the use of bussing programs New York-WABC, According to these sources, even though most of the general population is Caucasian-American, minorities still have more opportunities for same- than cross-race friendships. Therefore, ethnicity alone cannot be relied on to indicate opportunity for cross-race friendship. Minorities' higher proportion of cross-race friendships could be a result of simply having more opportunities for cross-race friendships, or there could be other factors that influence greater interracial friendliness among ethnic minorities. In addition, there are caveats to the opportunity hypothesis. In order for environments with high proportions of cross-race others to facilitate interracial friendships, there must not be an ample population of potential same-race friends.

Library Contact

However, the schools can implement learning techniques that encourage interracial friendliness between students. One such learning technique is the use of cooperative learning teams CLTs , which are randomly constructed teams of students rewarded for collective, not individual, performance. CLTs were developed as an alternative to traditional teaching methods that tend to stress individual achievement and to group students by ability. When developing a CLT teaching structure, students are divided into groups somewhat randomly, without segregating by grade, demographic characteristics, or "ability. Usually, students stay on the same teams for about three years, so they are able to develop long-term friendships with their teammates. CLTs necessitate that team members interact as equals, which is probably one of the most important contributions of CLTs to interracial friendliness. Studies interested in the effectiveness of CLTs among school children show increases in both the quantity and quality of students' interracial friendships. Theoretical reasoning for why CLTs are effective in fostering cross-race friendships is that students develop a team culture, and the collective team identity overrides the ethnic identity of individual team members. In sum, small, diverse classrooms with CLT learning structures are the ideal school environment for fostering cross-race friendships. Joyner, K. School racial composition and adolescent racial homophily. Social Science Quarterly, 81, Joyner and Kao were interested in how school composition affects high school students' interracial friendliness. The graph below displays the approximate percentage of cross-race friendships blue bars and the approximate percentage of students of other races red bars by ethnicity. The percentage of students of other races can be used as a measure of opportunity to have interracial friendships. When opportunity for interracial friendships was controlled, Hispanic-Americans and Native Americans were more likely than Caucasians to have interracial friendships, but African-Americans and Asian-Americans were less likely than Caucasians to have an interracial friendship. In terms of school racial composition, students' likelihood of having a cross-race friendship increased as the proportion of other-race students increased. Slavin, R.